三种无烟推进剂压力耦合响应函数的实验研究

用压力可控Ｔ形燃烧器测量了三种无烟推进剂压力耦合响应函数，总结到一些实验规律，提出燃烧催化剂对抑制不稳定燃烧可能起到的重要作用。     

底部边界排气的减阻效应

本文利用底外侧周向多孔排气的方法研究具有圆柱后体的超声速旋成体底部流动特性及减阻问题。研究工作在超声速风洞进行，来流马赫数从１．５３到３．０１，单位雷诺数为２．×１０＾７／ｍ到２．８×１０＾７／ｍ。文中讨论了排气流量、气体介质对尾流结构与波系分布的影响，对底部增压减阻的效果，测量了底压分布，拍摄了尾流场纹影。实验结果分析表明，采用此种方法能够有效地干扰尾流边界，控制尾流特性，其中氦气在最佳排气流量     

RDX-CMDB推进剂燃烧性能的调节

调节燃速和降低压力指数是RDX-CMDB推进剂性能改善的技术关键之一.用同一种有机铅、铜盐催化剂对实测比冲为2000～2200N·s/kg的四种双基及RDX-CMDB推进剂进行试验研究表明:铅-铜-炭黑三种燃烧催化剂组合使用也可在RDX-CMDB无烟推进剂中获得良好的平台或麦沙效应.这里炭黑的加入起了关键作用,可用燃烧催化的铅-碳理论作进一步的解释.所述的铅、铜催化剂与四种碳黑搭配,可使所研究的四种推进剂燃速在14～29mm/s范围内调节.     

双基推进剂热分解反应动力学参数的计算

本文根据在CDR-1型热分析仪上测得的一条非等温DSC曲线,确定了双基推进剂热分解反应的最可几机理函数,提出了计算三个动力学参数(E,A和n)的数值方法.该法用线性最小二乘法、迭代法以及二分法与最小二乘法相结合的方法,以积分方程、微分方程和放热速率方程拟合实验数据.在逻辑选择建立了微分形式或积分形式的机理函数的最可几一般表达式后,用放热速率方程计算相应的动力学参数E,A和n的值.     

含钾盐的NC/TMETN基钝感双基推进剂火焰结构研究

利用单幅放大摄影法研究了含钾盐消焰剂的NC／TMETN（三羟甲基乙烷三硝酸酯）基钝感推进剂的火焰结构。结果表明，不同的钾盐导致该类推进剂的火焰结构各不相同，含有机钾盐KD的推进剂的火焰结构保持了平台双基推进剂火焰结构的特征，而含K3AlF6的推进剂却有着安全不同的火焰结构。由此可发现K3AlF6使得推进剂平台燃烧效应消失的原因。     

一种新的参数化标准件库开发技术的研究

介绍了具有参数化变量化功能的ＣＡＤ软件Ｓｉｇｒａｐｈ－Ｄｅｓｉｇｎ，以及在其上利用交互式作图法，配以内部图形数据库，直接建立参数化标准件库的新途径，并给出了寒带的建库方案。     

知识聚类技术

随着知识管理的不断深入,知识库所包容的知识内容越来越多,如何建立知识的分类体系,构建合理的知识关联显得尤为重要.知识聚类是一种无指导的自动分类方法,在知识的组织和管理中发挥着重要作用,不仅可以有效地节约知识库优化的人力资源,而且还可以更有效的反映知识间的本质联系.为此主要探讨了知识聚类的基本过程,包括知识特征的选取、相似度的计算和聚类算法,最后介绍了作者的一些相关工作.     

A conceptual configuration of the lunar base bioregenerative life support system including soil-like substrate for growing plants

The paper presents a conceptual configuration of the lunar base bioregenerative life support system (LBLSS), including soil-like substrate (SLS) for growing plants. SLS makes it possible to combine the processes of plant growth and the utilization of plant waste. Plants are to be grown on SLS on the basis of 20 kg of dry SLS mass or 100 kg of wet SLS mass per square meter. The substrate is to be delivered to the base ready-made as part of the plant growth subsystem. Food for the crew was provided by prestored stock 24% and by plant growing system 76%. Total dry weight of the food is 631 g per day (2800 kcal/day) for one crew member (CM). The list of candidate plants to be grown under lunar BLSS conditions included 14 species: wheat, rice, soybean, peanuts, sweet pepper, carrots, tomatoes, coriander, cole, lettuce, radish, squash, onion and garlic. From the prestored stock the crew consumed canned fish, iodinated salt, sugar, beef sauce and seafood sauce. Our calculations show that to provide one CM with plant food requires the area of 47.5 m². The balance of substance is achieved by the removal dehydrated urine 59 g, feces 31 g, food waste 50 g, SLS 134 g, and also waters 86 g from system and introduction food 236 g, liquid potassium soap 4 g and mineral salts 120 g into system daily. To reduce system setup time the first plants could be sowed and germinated to a certain age on the Earth.     

International scientific optical network for space debris research

A joint team of researchers under the auspices of the Center for Space Debris Information Collection, Processing and Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences collaborates with 15 observatories around the world to perform observations of space debris. For this purpose, 14 telescopes were equipped with charge-coupled device (CCD) cameras, Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers, CCD frame processing and ephemeris computation software, with the support of the European and Russian grants. Many of the observation campaigns were carried out in collaboration with the Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern (AIUB) team operating at the Zimmerwald observatory and conducting research for the European Space Agency (ESA), using the Tenerife/Teide telescope for searching and tracking of unknown objects in the geostationary region (GEO). More than 130,000 measurements of space objects along a GEO arc of 340.9°, collected and processed at Space Debris Data Base in the Ballistic Center of the Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics (KIAM) in 2005–2006, allowed us to find 288 GEO objects that are absent in the public orbital databases and to determine their orbital elements. Methods of discovering and tracking small space debris fragments at high orbits were developed and tested. About 40 of 150 detected unknown objects of magnitudes 15–20.5 were tracked during many months. A series of dedicated 22-cm telescopes with large field of view for GEO survey tasks is in process of construction. 7 60-cm telescopes will be modernized in 2007.     

亚,超音速弹丸底排冷空气减阻性能研究

本文介绍了用底排冷空气方法减少弹丸底部阻力的风洞实验研究情况,描述了马赫数、排气孔几何参数对底压、底阻的影响以及底压、底阻和剪切角随排气率的变化规律。给出了它们的实验结果,并进行了初步分析。